D (programming language) - Wikipedia. D programming language. Paradigmcompiled, multi- paradigm: procedural, object- oriented, functional, generic, concurrent. Wikibooks Patch Programming Dish Remote
Designed by. Walter Bright, Andrei Alexandrescu (since 2. Developer. D Language Foundation. First appeared. 8 December 2. Stable release. 2. September 2. 01. 7; 4. Changes from technical corrigendum 1 ada programming is a featured book on wikibooks because it contains substantial content 13 the language reference manual 14 ada conformity assessment test suite. Look at most relevant 8086 disassembler windows websites out of 412 Thousand at KeyOptimize.com. 8086 disassembler windows found at. Patch :大陆:补丁;台灣:修補程式; 當前語言下顯示→修補程式 performance. Wikibooks ®和維基教科書標誌是維基媒體基金會的註冊商標;維基 是維基媒體基金會的商. Typing disciplinestrong, static, inferred. OSUnix- like (Free. BSD, Linux etc.), Windows, mac. OSLicense. Boost[4][5][6]Filename extensions. Websitedlang. org. · Batch files don't have all elements for structured programming scripting, however some elements of structured programming such as functions can be simulated. The simplest way of controlling program flow, however, is the GOTO statement which jumps to a. Major implementations. DMD (reference implementation), GDC, LDC, SDCInfluenced by. C, C++, C#, Eiffel,[7]Java, Python. Influenced. Mini. ![]() D, DScript, Vala, Qore, Swift,[8]Genie. The D programming language is an object- oriented, imperative, multi- paradigmsystem programming language created by Walter Bright of Digital Mars and released in 2. Bright was joined in the design and development effort in 2. Andrei Alexandrescu. Though it originated as a re- engineering of C++, D is a distinct language, having redesigned some core C++ features while also taking inspiration from other languages, notably Java, Python, Ruby, C#, and Eiffel. D's design goals attempt to combine the performance and safety of compiled languages with the expressive power of modern dynamic languages. Idiomatic D code is commonly as fast as equivalent C++ code, while being shorter[citation needed] and memory- safe.[9]Type inference, automatic memory management and syntactic sugar for common types allow faster development, while bounds checking, design by contract features and a concurrency- aware type system help reduce the occurrence of bugs.[1. Features[edit]D is designed with lessons learned from practical C++ usage rather than from a purely theoretical perspective. Although it uses many C and C++ concepts it also discards some, and is as such not compatible with C and C++ source code. D has, however, been constrained in its design by the rule that any code that is legal in both C and D should behave in the same way. D gained some features before C++ did, for example closures, anonymous functions, and compile time function execution. D adds to the functionality of C++ by also implementing design by contract, unit testing, true modules, garbage collection, first classarrays, associative arrays, dynamic arrays, array slicing, nested functions, lazy evaluation, and a re- engineered template syntax. D retains C++'s ability to perform low- level coding and to add inlineassembler. C++ multiple inheritance is replaced by Java- style single inheritance with interfaces and mixins. On the other hand, D's declaration, statement and expression syntax closely matches that of C++. The inline assembler typifies the differences between D and application languages like Java and C#. An inline assembler lets programmers enter machine- specific assembly code within standard D code, a method often used by system programmers to access the low- level features of the processor needed to run programs that interface directly with the underlying hardware, such as operating systems and device drivers. ![]() D has built- in support for documentation comments, allowing automatic documentation generation. Programming paradigms[edit]D supports five main programming paradigms: imperative, object- oriented, metaprogramming, functional and concurrent (actor model). Imperative[edit]Imperative programming in D is almost identical to that in C. Functions, data, statements, declarations and expressions work just as they do in C, and the C runtime library may be accessed directly. On the other hand, some notable differences between D and C in the area of imperative programming include D's foreach loop construct, which allows looping over a collection, and nested functions, which are functions that are declared inside of another and may access the enclosing function's local variables. Object- oriented[edit]Object- oriented programming in D is based on a single inheritance hierarchy, with all classes derived from class Object. D does not support multiple inheritance; instead, it uses Java- style interfaces, which are comparable to C++'s pure abstract classes, and mixins, which separates common functionality from the inheritance hierarchy. D also allows the defining of static and final (non- virtual) methods in interfaces. Metaprogramming[edit]Metaprogramming is supported by a combination of templates, compile time function execution, tuples, and string mixins. The following examples demonstrate some of D's compile- time features. Templates in D can be written in a more imperative style compared to the C++ functional style for templates. This is a regular function that calculates the factorial of a number: ulongfactorial(ulongn){if(n< 2)return. Here, the use of static if, D's compile- time conditional construct, is demonstrated to construct a template that performs the same calculation using code that is similar to that of the function above: template. Factorial(ulongn){staticif(n< 2)enum. Factorial=1; elseenum. Factorial=n*Factorial!(n- 1); }In the following two examples, the template and function defined above are used to compute factorials. The types of constants need not be specified explicitly as the compiler infers their types from the right- hand sides of assignments: enumfact_7=Factorial!(7); This is an example of compile time function execution. Ordinary functions may be used in constant, compile- time expressions provided they meet certain criteria: The std. CTFE), and the "msg" pragma displays the result at compile time: importstd. String mixins, combined with compile- time function execution, allow generating D code using string operations at compile time. This can be used to parse domain- specific languages to D code, which will be compiled as part of the program: import. Foo. To. D; // hypothetical module which contains a function that parses Foo source code// and returns equivalent D codevoidmain(){mixin(foo. To. D(import("example. Functional[edit]D supports functional programming features such as function literals, closures, recursively- immutable objects and the use of higher- order functions. There are two syntaxes for anonymous functions, including a multiple- statement form and a "shorthand" single- expression notation: [1. There are two built- in types for function literals, function, which is simply a pointer to a stack- allocated function, and delegate, which also includes a pointer to the surrounding environment. Type inference may be used with an anonymous function, in which case the compiler creates a delegate unless it can prove that an environment pointer is not necessary. Likewise, to implement a closure, the compiler places enclosed local variables on the heap only if necessary (for example, if a closure is returned by another function, and exits that function's scope). When using type inference, the compiler will also add attributes such as pure and nothrow to a function's type, if it can prove that they apply. Other functional features such as currying and common higher- order functions such as map, filter, and reduce are available through the standard library modules std. Sum(inta,intb)purenothrow// pure function{if(b< =pivot)// ref to enclosing- scopereturna+b; elsereturna; }// passing a delegate (closure)autoresult=reduce! Sum(chain(a. 1,a. Result: ",result); // Result: 1. Result: ",result); // Result: 1. Alternatively, the above function compositions can be expressed using Uniform Function Call Syntax (UFCS) for more natural left- to- right reading: autoresult=a. Sum(); writeln("Result: ",result); result=a. Result: ",result); Parallel[edit]importstd. The body of the foreach loop is executed in parallel for each iwriteln("processing ",i); }}Concurrent[edit]importstd. Tidsender){cont=false; sender. Variantv)=> writeln("huh?")// Variant matches any type); }}voidmain(){autotid=spawn(& foo); // spawn a new thread running foo()foreach(i; 0. Tid); // send a struct (Tid)receive((intx)=> writeln("Main thread received message: ",x)); }Memory management[edit]Memory is usually managed with garbage collection, but specific objects may be finalized immediately when they go out of scope. Explicit memory management is possible using the overloaded operatorsnew and delete, and by simply calling C's malloc and free directly. Garbage collection can be controlled: programmers may add and exclude memory ranges from being observed by the collector, can disable and enable the collector and force either a generational or full collection cycle.[1. The manual gives many examples of how to implement different highly optimized memory management schemes for when garbage collection is inadequate in a program.[1. Safe. D[1. 4] is the name given to the subset of D that can be guaranteed to be memory safe (no writes to memory that were not allocated or that have already been recycled). Functions marked @safe are checked at compile time to ensure that they do not use any features that could result in corruption of memory, such as pointer arithmetic and unchecked casts, and any other functions called must also be marked as @safe or @trusted. Functions can be marked @trusted for the cases where the compiler cannot distinguish between safe use of a feature that is disabled in Safe. D and a potential case of memory corruption. Interaction with other systems[edit]C's application binary interface (ABI) is supported as well as all of C's fundamental and derived types, enabling direct access to existing C code and libraries. D bindings are available for many popular C libraries. Additionally, C's standard library is a part of standard D. Because C++ does not have a single standard ABI, D can only fully access C++ code that is written to the C ABI. The D parser understands an extern (C++) calling convention for limited linking to C++ objects. On Microsoft Windows, D can access Component Object Model (COM) code. History[edit]Walter Bright decided to start working on a new language in 1. D was first released in December 2. January 2. 00. 7.[1. The first version of the language (D1) concentrated on the imperative, object oriented and metaprogramming paradigms,[1. C++. Dissatisfied with Phobos, D's official runtime and standard library, members of the D community created an alternative runtime and standard library named Tango. The first public Tango announcement came within days of D 1. Tango adopted a different programming style, embracing OOP and high modularity. Being a community- led project, Tango was more open to contributions, which allowed it to progress faster than the official standard library. At that time, Tango and Phobos were incompatible due to different runtime support APIs (the garbage collector, threading support, etc.). This made it impossible to use both libraries in the same project. The existence of two libraries, both widely in use, has led to significant dispute due to some packages using Phobos and others using Tango.[1. In June 2. 00. 7, the first version of D2 was released.[2] The beginning of D2's development signalled the stabilization of D1; the first version of the language has been placed in maintenance, only receiving corrections and implementation bugfixes. D2 was to introduce breaking changes to the language, beginning with its first experimental const system. D2 later added numerous other language features, such as closures, purity, and support for the functional and concurrent programming paradigms. D2 also solved standard library problems by separating the runtime from the standard library. The completion of a D2 Tango port was announced in February 2. The release of Andrei Alexandrescu's book The D Programming Language on June 1. D2, which today is commonly referred to as just "D". In January 2. 01. D development moved from a bugtracker / patch- submission basis to Git. Hub. This has led to a significant increase in contributions to the compiler, runtime and standard library.[2. In December 2. 01. Andrei Alexandrescu announced that D1, the first version of the language, would be discontinued on 3. December 2. 01. 2.[2. The final D1 release, D v. December 2. 01. 2.[2. Code for the official D compiler, the Digital Mars D compiler by Walter Bright, was originally released under a custom license, qualifying as source available but not conforming to the open source definition.[2. In 2. 01. 4 the compiler front- end was re- licensed as open source under the Boost Software License.[4] This re- licensed code excluded the back- end, which had been partially developed at Symantec. On April 7, 2. 01. Boost license after Symantec gave permission to re- license the back- end, too.[5][2. On June 2. 1, 2. 01. D Language was accepted for inclusion in GCC.[2. Implementations[edit]Most current D implementations compile directly into machine code for efficient execution. DMD – The Digital Mars D compiler by Walter Bright is the official D compiler; open sourced under the Boost Software License.[4][5]GDC – A front- end for the GCC back- end, built using the open DMD compiler source code.[2. LDC – A compiler based on the DMD front- end that uses LLVM as its compiler back- end. The first release- quality version was published on 9 January 2. It supports version 2. D Compiler for . NET – A back- end for the D programming language 2. It compiles the code to Common Intermediate Language (CIL) bytecode rather than to machine code. The CIL can then be run via a Common Language Infrastructure (CLR) virtual machine. SDC – A D compiler using a custom front- end and LLVM as its compiler back- end. It is written in D and uses a scheduler to handle symbol resolution in order to elegantly handle the compile- time features of D. This compiler currently supports a limited subset of the language.[3. Development tools[edit]Editors and integrated development environments (IDEs) supporting D include Eclipse, Microsoft Visual Studio, Slick. Edit, Emacs, vim, Sci. TE, Smultron, Text. Mate, Mono. Develop, Zeus,[3. Geany among others.[3. Eclipse plug- ins for D include: DDT[3. Descent (dead project).[3. Visual Studio integration is provided by Visual. D.[3. 9]Visual Studio Code integration with extensions as Dlang- Vscode[4. Code- D.[4. 1]Vim supports both syntax highlighting and code completion (through patched Ctags). A bundle is available for Text. Mate, and the Code: :Blocks IDE includes partial support for the language. However, standard IDE features such as code completion or refactoring are not yet available, though they do work partially in Code: :Blocks (due to D's similarity to C). A plugin for Xcode 3 is available, D for Xcode, to enable D- based projects and development.[4. An Add. In for Mono. Develop is available, named Mono- D.[4. KDevelop (as well as its text editor backend, Kate) autocompletion plugin is available.[4. Coedit, an open source IDE dedicated to D.[4. Open source D IDEs for Windows exist, some written in D, such as Poseidon,[4. D- IDE,[4. 7] and Entice Designer.[4. D applications can be debugged using any C/C++ debugger, like GDB or Win. Dbg, although support for various D- specific language features is extremely limited. On Windows, D programs can be debugged using Ddbg, or Microsoft debugging tools (Win. DBG and Visual Studio), after having converted the debug information using cv. The Zero. BUGS debugger for Linux has experimental support for the D language. Ddbg can be used with various IDEs or from the command line; Zero. BUGS has its own graphical user interface (GUI). Examples[edit]Example 1[edit]This example program prints its command line arguments. The main function is the entry point of a D program, and args is an array of strings representing the command line arguments. A string in D is an array of characters, represented by char[] in D1, or immutable(char)[] in D2. The foreach statement can iterate over any collection. In this case, it is producing a sequence of indexes (i) and values (arg) from the array args. The index i and the value arg have their types inferred from the type of the array args. Example 2[edit]The following shows several D capabilities and D design trade- offs in a very short program. It iterates over the lines of a text file named words. File("words. txt"))) 8 { 9 w=w. Lower(); 1. 0 immutablekey=w. It is similar to defaultdict(list) in Python. File()) yields lines lazily, with the newline. It has to then be copied with idup to obtain a string to be used for the associative array values (the idup property of arrays returns an immutable duplicate of the array, which is required since the dstring type is actually immutable(dchar)[]). Built- in associative arrays require immutable keys. The ~= operator appends a new dstring to the values of the associate dynamic array. Lower, join and chomp are string functions that D allows to use with a method syntax. The name of such functions is often very similar to Python string methods. The to. Lower converts a string to lower case, join(" ") joins an array of strings into a single string using a single space as separator, and chomp removes a newline from the end of the string if one is present. The sort is an std. The release() method on the return value of sort() is handy to keep the code as a single expression. The second foreach iterates on the values of the associative array, it's able to infer the type of words. UTF- 3. 2dchar[] is used instead of normal UTF- 8char[] otherwise sort() refuses to sort it. There are more efficient ways to write this program, that use just UTF- 8. See also[edit]References[edit]Further reading[edit]External links[edit]. Aros/Platforms/6. Wikibooks, open books for an open world. Introduction. Edit. Google translation German, French, Italian, Spanish, Hindi, Chinese, Russian, Polish, Japanese, Korean,AROS is a choice/option of an open source, portable Amiga. OS that is "source compatible" with OS3. Aros x. 86 apps would need to be recompiled for Aros 6. However, system friendly 6. K Amiga. OS (AOS) binaries will run out of the box on Aros 6. AROS could be the life line for Amiga. K as future kickstart/wb upgrades, i. CD- Rom boot, usb boot, potential replacements for all outdated OS parts, standards for drivers, standards for RTG, standards for PCI access. The AROS kernel rom can be used with the existing OS1. OS2. 0, OS2. 0. 5, OS3. OS3. 1 to varying degrees of success - certain hardware will be supported but others will still be a work in progress. AROS rom can be used together with the rest of AROS to replace any commercial rom + workbench combination like high end Amigas and, in the future, possibly for Replay or Vampire/Apollo Core. You use as much of AROS as you need/require. Most AROS programs are written in C using the Amiga API, some of them in C++. Every night these programs are compiled for a lot of CPUs: i. AMD6. 4, PPC, ARM and M6. AROS sources have always been more or less M6. K binary compatible (even all library sources have complete 6. It is actually designed for 6. A working, binary compatible version of AROS on real Amiga's is pretty much the holy grail for determining how compatible AROS is with Amiga. OS (TM). aros IS amiga binary compatible ONLY in the 6. Most games don't use much from the operating system and Aros. Amiga OS3. 1 anyway. The Apollo Core of the Vampire has a CPU that implements all the (integer) instructions of all the Motorola 6. Vampire. However some games have issues with any faster processor, WHDLoad has fixes for those and the Vampire also has a setting to improve compatibility. In the future the Vampire is also likely to allow AGA only games to be played on the OCS and ECS Amigas"aros. So from software point of view you simply run amiga 6. You can use your amiga usb hardware with the device driver delivered by your vendor. The point of AROS being open source is that it means people can take it in whatever direction they want - those that want just original hardware can stick with that and still get enhancements; those that want to use all kinds of expansions can get them better integrated with the core. And those who want different hardware altogether can still enjoy an Amiga. OS like OS. if compiled for 6. Amiga. OS (TM) 3. APISoftware does not need to be compiled for Aros, just that the libraries are compiled from Aros sources and not the original apps. When Aros was ported to 6. Toni Wilen did a great job to develop kickstart replacements that are now part of Aros. For a long time Aros 6. Vampire/Apollo became reality and Aros offers many advantages there. At the moment limitations (f. Aros will run on Vampire. It has many advantages compared to 3. AHI, USB- Support (Poseidon), Themeing, Network stack and much more. Make sure to get the ISO from the AROS site or the alternate Sourceforge site - it's in Amiga. OS HUNK format. The tarball (bzip. AROS itself, and is in ELF format. The . adf and rom bins can also be found inside the distfiles directory. Look here for an alternate build and compile chain. A list of the daily updates are available from ezrec clone mirror, Repo or Ohloh. A digest of the latest news from the AROS world can be found at AROS Planet. Aros- Exec Phase 1 thread, Phase 2 thread, Amiga. Phase 1 thread, Phase 2 thread and EAB first thread and Second thread - on going. Natami thread, AW. Minimig and Evil. Wiki Blog. Status of aros m. Installing. Edit. Actual Hardware. Edit. AROS Vision distro large download. Latest nightly build ABIv. To install aros on amiga you need a computer with enough ram. AROSBootstrap ROM boot/amiga/aros. IV the initial entry in the startup- sequence needs to look similar this: Quote (selected). AROSBootstrap ROM boot/amiga/aros. Picasso. IV. card boot/amiga/Cirrus. GD5. 44. 6. chip. QUIET to it, which i would recommend, except you need to debug setpatch. Amiga (via internal IDE- to- CF converter)boot Amiga from WB3. HDToolbox" prepare cf- card (=internal "harddrive")attach cf- card to linux, mount via "mount - t affs /dev/sdb. AROS- m. 68k- bootiso. Amiga, boot from WB3. S/Startup- Sequence, add first line (taken from amiga- m. AROSBootstrap ROM boot/amiga/aros. WB3. 1- floppy, and reboot. AROSBootstrap ROM boot/amiga/aros. Also advise to delete prefs/env/sys/theme. Booting aros on an a. Get the latest Win. UAE which has the AROS rom images built- in. Optionally, you can get the whole nightly build which contains both the ROMs and AROS system but for most people it will not be necessary. Set Win. UAE "Main ROM file" = aros- amiga- m. Extended ROM file" = aros- amiga- m. Amiga testing, no need to burn EEPROMs etc. Configure Win. UAE to simulate a standard A1. CPU (2. 4 bit mode unmarked). Select 2. MB CHIP, 6. MB Z3 FAST. On Expansions tab give some RAM to RTG card (I have 1. MB). Then attach the AROS directory as a hard disk and boot from it. It will take some time, but eventually you should have Win. UAE booted to Wanderer 6. IMPORTANT: be sure to use JIT. Without JIT, loading will be 3- 4 times slower as well as AROS crashes very easily (most of the time memory allocation problem in input. With JIT, it's "rock stable" (at least for moving windows ; )Use latest winuae beta with - log - serlog parameters to see serial logging debugging (make sure rom is built with serial logging enabled)Either use both - serlog - log to open log window (also writes to a file automatically) or tick logging checkbox in misc panel if you don't want to see the log window. UAE E- UAEEdit. AROS 6. ROM files, a Kickstart and a Kickstart ext, you will need both. The emulator should be set up exactly as an A1. CPU with 4meg fast ram and if possible RTG. It should work then, If AROS doesn't show a disk prompt or gives insert DEVS: errors) then you should ensure a bootable disk (hard hdf or floppy adf) is available. This option specifies the file path of an extended ROM image to load. Emulate an RTG graphics card with < n> MB of graphics memory. Selecting < n> greater than 0, enables the graphics card or so- called 'Picasso. A maximum of 3. 2 MB of graphics card memory may be emulated. E- UAE must emulate a 3. CPU (a 6. 80. 20 or better, not an 6. Make sure serial port emulation is enabled, it is required in all non- Win. UAE versions (Win. UAE always emulates serial interrupts internally). Missing functionality. True. Type is indeed the way forward, but it is another resource pig on anything but high- end. Amigas. And besides, Intellifont should be implemented anyway for backwards compatibility.). L: cdrom- handler. Is it in Aros. 68k rom? It should be on disk, see note no. L: fat- handler is missing. Is it in Aros. 68k rom? It should be on disk, see note no. RAD). No Overscan support. No PCMCIA ram support. Missing disk components. I dont know anyone who has used it, and I highly doubt it is required for backwards compatibility). CLASSES/DATATYPES/anim. CLASSES/GADGETS/tapedeck. DEVS/audio. device (AHI is fine as a way forward, but it is a resource pig on anything below a 6. DEVS/DOSDRIVERS/aux. See note no. 1). pc. DEVS/KEYMAPS/ (it is full of PC keyboard keymaps and a SUN one. But what about Amiga keymaps?). DEVS/MONITORS/ (missing A2. A generic one doesnt suit. DEVS/PRINTERS/ (missing all printer drivers but postscript. Not that it is really needed, but at least, "generic" and "file" drivers. FONTS (not a single one of the old native ones present. I understand that there are TTF replacements, but then see note no. LIBS/6. 80. 40. library (6. AHI, but I have already mentioned its issues). SYSTEM/diskcopy. intellifont (ftmanager doesnt cut it, as I mentioned before). TOOLS/bru (not that I or anyone else care or require it for backwards compatibility, but some backup option should exist for completeness). PD?). TOOLS/COMMODITIES/crossdos. But then it is not difficult to implement, isnt it?). Notes: backwards compatibility´s sake that some Amiga. OS components get replaced with other ones with different names. Can they be Just restore them to their original name or create placeholders/links to the actual structures. You can f. e. add anything shell related easily, add more libraries and so on. Partly you can even replace existing components. I did f. e. replace Zune with MUI3. I wanted did not work (example is IBrowse). The only disadvantage is that prefs do not work anymore so I created workarounds like predefined prefs files that are copied. Aros (except 6. 8k) nobody needs it and no sources are available so chance is pretty slim. Missing disk components. As I wrote you can add almost anything and as long as it not relys on unimplemented low- level components it works. I cannot remember f. I have added many components so it might be there. Also you do not need to include "ed" or similar because you can simply define it in shell- startup. I f. e. define it and execute annotate. Datatype system is different in aros so you cannot simply add or replace datatypes from 3. X (I have tested it). Datatypes would be certainly a candidate for a bounty. In Aros Vision I have created small Hollywood- programs for that and use filetype system of Magellan to execute them. Audio. device missing? It should be there but certainly using AHI that is standard on Aros. Printing and Printing to file works (at least on UAE, not tested it on real hardware). I think. I use Waitforport in Aros Vision, it is working with Rexxmast from Aros. Debugging. Edit. 68k based Monitor Debugging. Edit. Some monitors work. Serial Debugging. Edit. Serial debugging requires software on each machine that needs communicating between as well as a physical lead of some kind (usually early prolific or FTDI usb based). Software PC or otherwise - Putty, Tera. Term, minicom, etc. Software Amiga - Term. Direct output to serial so that it can arrive at the other end. Read more here. You can use Bray's Terminal, Termite, Tera. Term or Real. Term on Windows. They will work with Wine under Linux. Cute. Com (qt based using dmesg to get device /dev/tty. S0 or /dev/tty. USB0), picocom, minicom, or gtkterm on Linux. There are plenty of consoles and terminal emulators on the internet. Just download some of them to find the one which make you happy : -DSerial console speeds can be 1. A5. 00/A6. 00 is limited to around 1. KB/sec (e. g. 1. 92. A1. 20. 0 unexpanded can expect 5. KB/sec. AROS m. 68k needs to be recompiled for these slower speeds for diagnosing boot issues with serial debugging. Faster serial speeds need a faster CPU (best option 0. AROS). Also, it's critical that you get the Amiga serial port hooked up so that you have a debug log. The default base rate is 1. Read more on the EAB forum thread. Serial 9pin - > 2. Edit. What you need is a Serial Null- modem cable. It is just a Serial cable, but with RX and TX lines crossed. DB9. F female end for PC and 2. DB2. 5F female end for Amiga. If you have a standard RS2. Second option is to just buy an RS2. Just do a quick search for "Amiga serial null modem cable". However, a lot of cables come with one or two male ends instead and so an additional female to female adapter(s) is needed. Use add. 44k or whatever to drop your screen depth, you'll be able to get a little bit more speed that way. More planes = more dma load = less time available for your beloved serial port. RTG will help, but you must configure it to not display a custom chip screen at all when you have an RTG screen visible. Here are some tips: 1. Ensure you have a null- modem adapter in your cable setup. Somewhere in your cable chain. A null- modem adapter will say "NULL MODEM" somewhere on the device. Right- click the amiga explorer icon & make sure the correct serial port for your PC (COM1: , COM2: ) is chosen.. I believe it defaults to COM1. Make sure that the serial port is listed in Device Manager under "Ports (COM & LPT)". Make sure there is no (!) or (x) mark on the device's icon in Device manager. Test the cable setup: Load up hyperterminal on the PC, and a terminal program on the Amiga. Set both to 9. 60. Typing characters on one system should show up on the other. If not, you have a cable or configuration issue. Test handshaking: enable hardware handshaking on both ends and check connectivity by typing on each machine. If you passed #3 and fail here, then you have a miswired serial cable (or, less likely, miswired nullmodem adapter). Some people use baud bandit on 6. A5. 00/6. 00) and new. AROS has its own serial driver which is untested with the following serial hardware expansions. Var. IOHyper. COM +3. Silver. Surfer. Twister 1. USB Serial. Edit. Using a serial to usb adapter and Real. Term 1. 15. 20. 0baud, port. Using Tera. Term on the PC (adjusting the port and baud rate to 1. Aros- Exec. Feedback always welcome. I have been told usb adapter for serial are problematic, or do not always work, but was denied detailed explanation? Some of them are problematic for use in EEPROM programmers, because they need 1. V on the serial cable, but USB adapters do not provide such voltage. For use in data transfers and basic communications the cheapest USB adapter is still good. Subway USB Controller for the Amiga 1. Clockport. Edit. Deneb USB for Amiga 3. Edit. Since it is not possible to use larger than 5. I don't think I can start AROS kickstart from flash. Therefore I am using blizkick to load the first part of the kickstart at the very beginning in my aros startup- sequence. All i have been able to capture this way follows. MB roms, but elf files are apparently not accepted. Otherwise, it would be ideal to have an 5. KB kickstart file as accepted by algorkick. Logs needed. Edit. ALWAYS include full logs. You may have multiple hardware configurations, it is very important to know exact hardware). ALWAYS describe how harddrive(s) are connected. Sometimes a log will hint that there is no IDE drives connected and possibly something on 3rd party SCSI board. Note that debugging non- AROS- builtin HD driver (=3rd party expansion + boot ROM) compatibility is practically impossible without having the same hardware. Nothing is logged because everything is handled by boot rom, including drive detection, RDB parsing etc.)Here is for example log from my real A1. USB serial adapter). Sys. Base] fakebase at: 0. RAM lower: 0. 00. RAM upper: 0. 01fffff. BSS lower: 0. 01. BSS upper: 0. 01. Protect: : 0. 00. Sys. Base]: 0. 00. Sys. Base]: 0. 00. CPU: 6. 80. 60 FPU: 6. Cold. Capture] Ignoring AOS- > AROS trampoline. Init. Code(RTF_SINGLETASK, 0). Found board: mfg=8. File. System. resource". Boot Strap". * 0. FSLoader". * 0. 01ef. LDDemon". * 0. 01f. Kick. Tag residents. Boot. Prefs. 0". Resident modules after Kick. Tags merge. + 0. 01. Boot. Prefs. 0". + 0. File. System. resource". Boot Strap". + 0. FSLoader". + 0. 01ef. LDDemon". + 0. 01f. SS lower: 0. 01. 31. SS upper: 0. 01. 35. Read boot ROM base=0. Call boot rom @0. ATA- -] ata_init: ata. Initialization. [ATA- -] Gayle ID=d. Possible IDE port=0. ATA- -] Status=0. ATA- -] ata_init: Mem. Pool @ 6. 80. 84. ATA- -] ata_init: Bootloader. Base = 0. 00. 00. ATA- -] Gayle ID=d. Possible IDE port=0. ATA- -] Status=0. ATA> > ] ata_Register. Bus: Analysing bus 0, units 0 and 1. ATA> > ] ata_Register. Bus: IRQ 2, IO: da. DMA: 0. [ATA ] Approximate number of iterations per 1. ATA ] ata_Init. Bus(0). ATA0. 0] ata_Init. Bus: Device type = 0. ATA0. 1] ata_Init. Bus: Device type = 0. ATA ] ata_Reset. Bus(0). ATA ] ata_Init. Bus: Finished. ATA> > ] ata_Register. Bus: Bus 0: Unit 0 - 0, Unit 1 - 0. ATA- -] ata_Scan: Initialising Bus Tasks.. ATA ] ata_setup_unit(0,0). ATA ] ata_setup_unit(0,1). ATA- -] ata_Scan: Waiting for Buses to finish Initialising. ATA- -] ata_Scan: Finished. Include also KS3. OS3. 1+ tools/showconfig output. PROCESSOR: CPU 6. CUSTOM CHIPS: AA PAL Alice (id=$0. AA Lisa (id=$0. 0F8). VERS: Kickstart version 4. Exec version 4. 5. Disk version 4. 5. RAM: Node type $A, Attributes $5. FAST), at $8. 00. CFFFFFF (8. 0. 0 meg). Node type $A, Attributes $5. FAST), at $7. 00. F7. FFFF (1. 5. 5 meg). Node type $A, Attributes $7. CHIP), at $8. 00. C8- $1. FFFFF (~3. Board (phase 5): Prod=8. Board + ROM (HD?) (phase 5): Prod=8. C) (@$E9. 00. 00 6. K). The C: GDBStub for amiga- m. Configuration file only. Add /wait if you want emulator to delay startup until someone connects first. To enable the GDBStub, do. AROS> Run C: GDBStub. The next time AROS crashes with a trap (or you run 'C: GDBStop'), the GDB stub will wait on the (real or virtual) serial port for a GDB connection. Use the following . GDB stub under AROS. AROS. amiga- m. 68k/distfiles/aros- amiga- m. AROS. amiga- m. 68k/bin/amiga- m. AROS. source . gdbinit. Uncomment for Win. UAE connection. # target remote localhost: 1. Uncomment for serial connection. S0. ## Fix up Debug_Mod. List. set variable Debug_Mod. List = & Kernel. Base- > kb_Modules. Then all the regular AROS GDB debugging macros work, like 'loadseg', 'modlist', 'showtask', etc. I've been able to get nice full backtraces through kernel and user code with full GDB support with this. It's making m. 68k debugging a lot easier. You can get the m. The upshot of this, is that PARANOIA_CFLAGS is now gone. If you want to enable a '- Wall - Werror' build, just add '- -with- paranoia=yes' to your configure, and the while tree will be built such that any compiler warning stops the build. You need to watch out for certain issueslog is eating some lines and line feeds. Cold. Capture] Ignoring AOS- > AROS trampoline [start]. Init. Code(RTF_SINGLETASK, 0). For example above line should have linefeed after trampoline and few other lines seem to be completely missing (truncated because of too long line?) and early configchain lines. Most confusing are missing expansion/autoconfig related lines. Missing ATA lines are normal in some logs because A4. IDE no- drive detection is simpler than A1. Does early startup menu work? Keep pressing both mouse buttons even if it appears to be hung, for example Blizzard SCSI init takes ~1. Yes, it works. I remember blizzard scsi to be a little troublesome. Reboot with holding lmb+rmb to early boot screen. Another try with drive attached directly to ide port has succeed to boot me from the hd into a screen with only red cursor but nothing else. On following try, I have been able to boot into aros with no startup- sequence. Sys. Base] fakebase at: 0. RAM lower: 0. 00. RAM upper: 0. 01fffff. BSS lower: 0. 01. BSS upper: 0. 01. Protect: : 0. 00. Sys. Base]: 0. 00. Sys. Base]: 0. 00. CPU: 6. 80. 60 FPU: 6. Cold. Capture] Ignoring AOS- > AROS trampoline. Init. Code(RTF_SINGLETASK, 0). SS lower: 0. 01. 31be. SS upper: 0. 01. 35be. ATA- -] ata_init: ata. Initialization. [ATA- -] Gayle ID=d. Possible IDE port=0. ATA- -] Status=5. ATA- -] ata_init: Mem. Pool @ 6. 80. 7f. ATA- -] ata_init: Bootloader. Base = 0. 00. 00. ATA- -] Gayle ID=d. Possible IDE port=0. ATA- -] Status=5. ATA> > ] ata_Register. Bus: Analysing bus 0, units 0 and 1. ATA> > ] ata_Register. Bus: IRQ 2, IO: da. DMA: 0. [ATA ] Approximate number of iterations per 1. ATA ] ata_Init. Bus(0). ATA0. 0] ata_Init. Bus: Device type = 1. ATA0. 1] ata_Init. Bus: Device type = 1. ATA ] ata_Reset. Bus(0). ATA0. 0] ata_Reset. Bus: Wait for Device to clear BSY. ATA0. 0] ata_Reset. Bus: Wait left after 0 ms. ATA ] ata_Reset. Bus: Wait DEV1 to allow access. ATA ] ata_Reset. Bus: DEV1 1/2 Time. Out! [ATA ] ata_Reset. Bus: DEV1 1/2 Wait left after 5. ATA0. 1] ata_Reset. Bus: Wait for Device to clear BSY. ATA0. 1] ata_Reset. Bus: Wait left after 0 ms. ATA ] ata_Read. Signature(0. ATA 0] ata_Read. Signature: Status 5. Device a. 0. [ATA 0] ata_Read. Signature: ATA[PI] device present. Attempting to detect specific subtype. ATA 0] ata_Read. Signature: Subtype check returned 0. ATA 0] ATA_EXECUTE_DIAG sent. ATA 0] ata_Read. Signature: Further validating ATA signature: 1 & 0x. ATA 0] ata_Read. Signature: Found *valid* signature for ATA device. ATA ] ata_Read. Signature(0. ATA 1] ata_Read. Signature: Status 0.
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